des tentes, une expérience de la démocratie
Une chose qui m’avait toujours beaucoup surprise en Israël, c’était l’étendue de la capacité d’expression personnelle des gens. Afficher son opinion en banderole sur son balcon (sur l’image à coté, c’était en 2000, à propos du Golan, au moment du retrait final du Sud Liban), en sticker plus ou moins gros sur sa voiture, voire, et je trouvais ça aussi comique qu’étonnant, seul avec un panneau au niveau d’un feu rouge. Parallèllement à cela, j’ai souvent assisté à des discussions animées mais respectueuses entre personnes d’avis totalement opposés, très étonnant.
Et là, depuis quelques mois, c’est comme si le pays découvrait l’expression de masse. L’historique du mouvement pour “plus de justice sociale” tel qu’il m’a été décrit est le suivant. Tout d’abord les médecins se sont mis en grève pour protester contre la faiblesse des moyens mis à disposition des hopitaux publics et la privatisation conséquente du secteur médical. Puis il y a eu l’affaire du cottage cheese. Ça prête à sourire, c’est l’histoire du prix du cottage cheese (si on me demande mon avis, je ne trouve quand même pas ça mortel comme fromage) qui s’envolait. Sur Facebook, ordre fut donné de ne plus en acheter jusqu’à ce que le prix ait baissé.. ce qui fut fait. Il faut dire que la majeure partie de la production de produits laitiers du pays, c’est Tnuva qui s’en occuppe, une énorme coopérative dont la situation de monopole permet plus ou moins à l’état de contrôler les prix (jusqu’à évoquer la solution d’acheter du lait chinois…). Joies des réseaux sociaux, le petit déjeuner retrouvait son cottage cheese. Et enfin, le coup des tentes. Un beau jour, une étudiante qui en avait assez de voir le loyer de son appartement arbitrairement augmenter, a décidé d’aller planter sa tente au milieu du boulevard Rotchild, une grosse artère centrale avec un grand terre-plein en son milieu. Joie des réseaux sociaux à nouveau, des dizaines d’autres tentes vinrent lui tenir compagnie, jusqu’à envahir toute l’avenue, et disséminer l’initiative ailleurs dans le pays (nous en avons vues dans toutes les villes que nous avons traversées, y compris les plus petites). C’est donc le mouvement pour plus de “justice sociale”.
Yes We Camp!
Manifestations géantes à Tel Aviv : 300 000 personnes alors que la protestation gauchiste de base n’en rameutait jamais plus de quelques milliers. Des manifestations qui rassemblent toutes les couches de la population, y compris des arabes israéliens, à l’exclusion des colons et des religieux.
Il s’agit de retrouver un semblant de contrôle sur sa vie quotidienne. Non ce n’est pas encore la paix, mais c’est une brèche d’expression collective qui engouffre tout, une véritable expérience de démocratie qui permet à tous de s’exprimer de front, depuis leurs revendications spécifiques, au sein d’un mouvement global. Tous, sauf les colons et les religieux. Justement. Voilà, j’aime y espérer le début d’un mouvement populaire général vers la paix justement.
Et 30 000 personnes à Jérusalem ! Qui eût cru qu’il y avait 30 000 non religieux à Jerusalem ? C’est la réaction ravie que j’ai le plus entendue.
We may be poor but we have the music.
A country of all its citizens
L’atmosphère au milieu des tentes est très tel-avivi, c’est à dire, très cool, (”on prie à Jérusalem, on travaille à Haïfa et on s’amuse à Tel Aviv”), un genre de Goa in situ. Pas grand’monde le jour, il faut bien travailler ! (et le taux de chomage est ridiculement bas), de toutes façons il fait trop chaud. À la nuit tombée, tout s’anime, et pas seulement des potes rassemblés pour fumer un joint après le boulot, mais beaucoup de sérieux, de débats organisés, retransmis sur écrans, enregistrés, ou simplement autour d’une table, encadrés. Oui c’est surtout ça, j’ai été très impressionnée du sérieux finalement, rien à voir avec une blague potache qui aurait pris une ampleur démesurée, chaque groupe revendique clairement son identité, sans violence et de manière réfléchie, constructive, depuis les militants vegans à Peace Now, cote à cote.
Sababylon comme je l’ai vu écrit sur une banderole, contraction de סבבה = sababa = trop cool et Babylon.
Bien-sûr vu de France, le conflit israelo palestinien occulte tout, mais il s’agit avant tout d’hommes et de femmes, de familles au travers d’une histoire hyper-complexe, qui n’ont d’autre ambition que de vivre leur vie, en paix avec leurs voisins.
À quelques jours du 23 septembre, je ne peux qu’espérer.
September 23rd, 2011 at 8:14 pm
merci pour ce post, très éclairant…. je me demandais justement si vous les aviez vu les telavivi en mode manif !
September 24th, 2011 at 2:11 pm
oui et vraiment l’ampleur et le sérieux du mouvement était impressionnants !
October 20th, 2011 at 12:04 pm
“tout sauf les colons et les religieux”…cool …comparer Tel Aviv à Goa, audacieux mais pourquoi pas
en revanche le cottage cheese d’accord c’est…in-si-pi-de ! A bientôt. J’aimearais bien aller faire un tour là-bas ! L’année prochaïne
October 20th, 2011 at 7:58 pm
arf, de Goa, j’ai surtout entendu parler des israëliens justement.. tout ce qui a généré la trance du même nom, si populaire là-bas lorsque nous y habitions (une vraie plaie)… à bientôt !
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