Foucault (+5) Le gouvernement de soi et des autres - Le sujet dispersé
(suite de mes petits résumés de L’humanisme de Michel Foucault par Didier Ottaviani & Isabelle Boinot)
Si le cogito cartésien reposait sur l’expérience de la conscience de soi, l’évidence de celle-ci s’est évaporée dans les théories psychanalytiques. Il s’agit d’élargir la notion de sujet pour inclure l’expérience de la folie mais aussi de renoncer à croire que le discours est l’expression d’un “sujet connaissant qui pense et qui le dit”. Le nouveau roman (Blanchot, Sarraute) se fait le vecteur de ces interrogations, et avant lui Artaud, Sade, présentent un sujet éclaté « incapable de procéder à une réappropriation de soi et se découvrant sous l’emprise de cette “pensée du dehors”».
Dans ceci, le rôle des sociétés disciplinaires est de produire les énoncés qui vont constituer des sujets normaux, “assujettir les individus”.
January 24th, 2010 at 10:54 pm
Le Paul des épîtres se plaignait déjà de son inconscient mais acceptait le fait de cette “imperfection” et je crois bien qu’avant même les sociétés disciplinaires d’aujourd’hui, l’assujettissement des individus n’ait été au coeur de pas mal de religions instituées… en dépit de ces textes fondateurs-là. C’est le taquin, encore lui, qui me ramène à une première forme de résolution du paradoxe : admettre le vide dans la volonté de contrôle, ça vaut pour les sociétés comme pour les inconscients. (Encore que la taquinerie ne me pousse parfois à me moquer injustement : pardon Carbone et son heureux propriétaire !)
January 25th, 2010 at 1:37 pm
bah l’assujettissement est le coeur de n’importe quel pouvoir (et d’ailleurs tout ça résonne furieusement avec mon petit dada mémétique de l’année dernière).
Sinon, je crois que l’organisation du processus de normalisation, en ne dépendant plus uniquement d’une normalisation culturelle (et religieuse) qui irait de soi, permet, en fin de compte, de réaliser l’ampleur du vide, (justement), de son propre sujet et ouvre le choix de ne pas le peupler, le structurer sans une certaine conscience à la fois de sa propre impuissance, et de sa propre liberté. Justement dans deux chapitres, nous verrons une voie toute antique.
(j’ai parlé de liberté, mais c’est par pur désespoir).
January 26th, 2010 at 3:30 pm
Moi j’aime bien les canards en tout cas
January 26th, 2010 at 8:17 pm
C’est déjà ça
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